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Aberrant expression of multiple T cell markers on diffuse large B cell lymphoma: a case report
Anurag Mehta1,2, Prerna Chadha3, Poojan Agarwal1
1Department of Laboratory and Transfusion Services, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Sector 5, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India.
Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
|June 15, 2021
Summary
This case report details a rare instance of diffuse large B cell lymphoma exhibiting aberrant T cell antigen expression, including CD3. Accurate diagnosis is crucial to avoid misclassification and ensure appropriate treatment for lymphomas.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Immunopathology
Background:
- Aberrant T cell antigen expression is known in diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCL).
- Co-expression of multiple T cell antigens, including CD3, is exceptionally rare in DLBCL.
- Recognizing this aberrant expression is vital for accurate lymphoma diagnosis and classification.
Observation:
- A 68-year-old female presented with an axillary lump.
- Initial aspiration suggested infective pathology.
- Excision biopsy revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma with aberrant T cell antigen expression.
Findings:
- The case posed a diagnostic challenge: B cell lymphoma with aberrant T cell markers versus T cell lymphoma with aberrant B cell markers.
- Distinguishing between these entities is critical due to differing treatment implications.
- Analysis of B cell-specific transcription factors aids in correct classification.
Implications:
- Accurate immunophenotypic analysis is essential for diagnosing rare lymphoma presentations.
- Understanding aberrant antigen expression prevents misdiagnosis and guides therapeutic decisions.
- The use of a comprehensive marker panel, including transcription factors, is key to resolving diagnostic dilemmas in lymphoma.
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