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Two Pathways to Self-Harm in Adolescence.

Stepheni Uh1, Edwin S Dalmaijer1, Roma Siugzdaite1

  • 1Ms. Uh and Drs. Dalmaijer, Siugzdaite, and Astle are with MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.

Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
|June 16, 2021
PubMed
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This study identified two distinct pathways to adolescent self-harm: one linked to early psychopathology and another to later risky behaviors. These pathways have long developmental histories, offering opportunities for early intervention.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Adolescent Health
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Adolescent self-harm is a significant concern with poorly understood underlying behavioral and emotional profiles.
  • Identifying developmental risk factors for self-harm is crucial for effective prevention and intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct subgroups of young people who self-harm (YPSH) based on behavioral and emotional profiles.
  • To investigate longitudinal risk factors contributing to self-harming behavior from childhood through adolescence.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized clustering algorithms on data from the Millennium Cohort Study (N=10,827) to identify self-harm subgroups at age 14.
  • Employed feature selection analyses to trace developmental profiles from ages 5-14 and identify risk factors.
Keywords:
adolescencelongitudinal analysisself-harmsocioemotional profiles

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct subgroups of YPSH at age 14: a smaller group with a history of psychopathology and a larger group without.
  • Both groups exhibited sleep problems and low self-esteem, with developmental differences emerging in emotion regulation, bullying, and risk-taking behaviors.
  • Identified two pathways: a "psychopathology" pathway with early difficulties and a "risky behavior" pathway with later emerging challenges.

Conclusions:

  • Uncovered two distinct developmental pathways to adolescent self-harm.
  • Findings suggest a long developmental history for at least one pathway, indicating potential for early identification and intervention.
  • Highlights the need to address biopsychosocial causes for improved treatment and prevention of self-harm.