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Quantum-enhanced interferometry with large heralded photon-number states.

G S Thekkadath1, M E Mycroft2, B A Bell1

  • 1Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, UK.

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Researchers utilized entangled photons to enhance measurement sensitivity in optical interferometry. This quantum approach, using heralded probes, offers improved phase sensitivity even with optical loss.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Quantum metrology

Background:

  • Quantum entanglement offers enhanced measurement sensitivity beyond classical limits.
  • Optical interferometry is a key technique for precision measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate quantum-enhanced phase sensitivity using entangled photon probes in an interferometer.
  • To investigate the performance of heralded quantum probes with increasing photon numbers.

Main Methods:

  • Employing high-gain parametric down-conversion for entangled photon generation.
  • Utilizing photon-number-resolving detectors for precise photon counting.
  • Performing interferometry with heralded photon-number states up to N=8.

Main Results:

  • Achieved interferometry with heralded quantum probes of sizes up to N=8.
  • Demonstrated principle of quantum-enhanced phase sensitivity, robust to optical loss.
  • Measured up to 16-photon coincidences.

Conclusions:

  • Heralded quantum probes enable quantum-enhanced phase sensitivity in interferometry.
  • This technique is promising for utilizing large entangled photonic states for metrology.
  • The approach shows potential for overcoming classical sensitivity limits in optical measurements.