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[Cutaneous leiomyomas: a clinicpathological and epidemiological review]
A D Agulló Pérez1, M A Resano Abárzuza, A Córdoba Iturriagagoitia
1Servicio de Dermatología. Hospital Marina Salud de Denia. Alicante. Alfredoagullop@gmail.com.
Anales Del Sistema Sanitario De Navarra
|June 16, 2021
Summary
Piloleiomyomas (PL) are linked to a higher incidence of breast cancer, suggesting they may be a risk marker. Further research is needed to confirm this association and reconsider nipple leiomyoma classification.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pathology
- Oncology
Background:
- Cutaneous leiomyomas present as piloleiomyomas (PL), angioleiomyomas (AL), and genital leiomyomas (GL).
- GLs encompass vulvar, scrotal, and areolar forms.
- This study investigates the clinical and histological features and incidence of these variants, alongside potential links to internal neoplasms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the clinical and histological characteristics of cutaneous leiomyoma variants.
- To establish the incidence of piloleiomyomas, angioleiomyomas, and genital leiomyomas.
- To explore potential associations between cutaneous leiomyomas and internal malignancies.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective review of 255 cutaneous leiomyoma cases diagnosed between 1982 and 2018.
- Analysis of demographic, clinical, histological, and immunohistochemical data.
- Comparison of variables across different leiomyoma subtypes.
Main Results:
- Piloleiomyoma incidence was 4.3 cases per million/year in Navarra; AL was 20, and GL was 1.4.
- Cutaneous leiomyomas constitute approximately 3.5% of all leiomyomas.
- A significant association was found between piloleiomyomas and breast cancer (OR=4.8, p=0.006). Nipple leiomyomas differ histologically from other genital leiomyomas.
Conclusions:
- Nipple leiomyomas may warrant reclassification outside the genital leiomyoma group based on distinct characteristics.
- The detected association between piloleiomyomas and breast cancer suggests a potential risk marker role.
- Further studies are essential to validate the association between piloleiomyomas and breast carcinoma.
