[Osteitis/Osteomyelitis of the Hand and Wrist]

Osteomyelitis of the hand and wrist is uncommon compared to the infections of the long bones but not rare. There is poor evidence on many answers to questions concerning this disease. This includes careful consideration of the prevalence, pathogenesis, microbiology, diagnostic methods and the conservative, medical and surgical treatment. The emergence of the disease can subdivided in post-traumatic, postoperative, spread from contiguous infections and hematogenous. The individual patient-specific risk must be considered. Early diagnosis and correct management are essential to preserve bony structures and the articular function of the hand. A two-step surgical procedure is usually necessary, but uncertainties about the optimal treatment are still existing. Satisfactory control rates of the infection and successful bone reconstructions can be achieved. But complications, a limited range of motion and amputations of finger parts can still not be avoided in all cases.