Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
Published on: February 3, 2023
Dynamics of genetic code evolution: The emergence of universality
John-Antonio Argyriadis1, Yang-Hui He2, Vishnu Jejjala3
1Jesus College, University of Oxford, OX1 3DW, United Kingdom and Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, University of Oxford, OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
We study the dynamics of genetic code evolution. The model of Vetsigian et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103, 10696 (2006)PNASA60027-842410.1073/pnas.0603780103] and Vetsigian [Collective evolution of biological and physical systems, Ph.D. thesis, 2005] uses the mechanism of horizontal gene transfer to demonstrate convergence of the genetic code to a near universal solution. We reproduce and analyze the algorithm as a dynamical system. All the parameters used in the model are varied to assess their impact on convergence and optimality score. We show that by allowing specific parameters to vary with time, the solution exhibits attractor dynamics. Finally, we study automorphisms of the genetic code arising due to this model. We use this to examine the scaling of the solutions to re-examine universality and find that there is a direct link to mutation rate.
Related Concept Videos
The Central Dogma
RNA is the Missing Link Between DNA and Proteins
In the early 1900s, scientists discovered that DNA stores all the information needed for cellular functions and that proteins perform most of these functions. However, the mechanisms of converting genetic information into functional proteins remained unknown for many years. Initially, it was believed that a single gene is...
The Central Dogma
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
In contrast, regions which code...
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?
From DNA to Protein
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

