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Updated: Nov 2, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
Published on: December 4, 2017
Entropy production and Onsager reciprocal relations describing the relaxation to equilibrium in stochastic
1Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, UMR 8520 - IEMN - Institut d'Électronique de Microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie, LIA LICS/LEMAC, F-59000 Lille, France.
Abstract:
We study the relation between stochastic thermodynamics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics by evaluating the entropy production and the relation between fluxes and forces in a harmonic system with N particles in contact with N different reservoirs. We suppose that the system is in a nonequilibrium stationary state in a first phase and we study the relaxation to equilibrium in a second phase. During this relaxation, we can identify the linear relation between fluxes and forces satisfying the Onsager reciprocity and we obtain a nonlinear expression for the entropy production. Only when forces and fluxes are small does the entropic production turn into a quadratic form in the forces, as predicted by the Onsager theory.
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