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Controlling crackling dynamics by triggering low-intensity avalanches.

Jonathan Barés1, Daniel Bonamy2

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Summary
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Periodic excitations can control crackling dynamics in brittle materials by modifying avalanche statistics. Optimal injected power per unit front length suppresses extreme events, offering new control strategies for fracture and related phenomena.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Complex Systems

Background:

  • Crackling dynamics describe systems with abrupt changes, like fracture.
  • Heterogeneous solids exhibit complex crack propagation behavior.
  • Controlling extreme events in these systems is crucial for safety and predictability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of periodic excitations on crackling dynamics in brittle fracture.
  • To determine how excitation parameters influence avalanche statistics and event magnitudes.
  • To identify optimal control strategies for suppressing extreme crack events.

Main Methods:

  • Applying small, spatially localized, and periodic excitations to a slowly driven brittle crack.
  • Analyzing avalanche statistics under different excitation manners (random vs. loaded point).
  • Systematically varying excitation amplitude, spatial extent, and frequency.

Main Results:

  • Excitations significantly alter avalanche statistics and limit the magnitude of largest events.
  • Excitation effectiveness is independent of the crack front's loading state during application.
  • Excitation efficiency is governed by injected power per unit front length, with an optimal value for maximum suppression of extreme avalanches.

Conclusions:

  • Periodic excitations offer a novel method to control extreme events in crackling dynamics.
  • The findings are applicable to fracture mechanics and other universality classes like wetting and magnetic systems.
  • Optimal control is achieved by tuning injected power per unit front length.