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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Functional Olfactory Neuroblastoma Inducing Symptomatic SIADH.

Luke Heiland1, Kurt Heiland2

  • 1Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal
|June 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A rare olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) was diagnosed in a 35-year-old man presenting with syncope and hyponatremia. Early detection via SIADH symptoms led to successful treatment and a 5-year disease-free survival.

Keywords:
olfactory neuroblastomaparaneoplastic syndromesinonasalsyndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare sinonasal malignancy.
  • ONB diagnosis is often delayed due to its location and varied symptoms.

Observation:

  • A 35-year-old male presented with syncope and hyponatremia, suspected SIADH.
  • Brain MRI revealed a sinonasal mass secreting ADH, causing paraneoplastic SIADH.

Findings:

  • The mass was identified as olfactory neuroblastoma.
  • Symptomatic SIADH facilitated early tumor recognition.

Implications:

  • This case highlights functional malignancies as potential early diagnostic indicators.
  • Successful resection resulted in long-term disease-free survival for this rare ONB.