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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 2, 2025

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
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A cohort autopsy study defines COVID-19 systemic pathogenesis.

Xiao-Hong Yao1,2, Tao Luo1,2, Yu Shi1,2

  • 1Institute of Pathology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.

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|June 17, 2021
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Severe COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) can spread systemically. SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) was found in multiple organs, suggesting direct viral invasion causes severe disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology and Pathology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Severe COVID-19 involves lung and extrapulmonary organ dysfunction.
  • The organotropism and systemic dissemination routes of SARS-CoV-2 are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the systemic distribution of SARS-CoV-2 in severe COVID-19 patients.
  • To investigate the organotropism and potential entry points for systemic viral spread.

Main Methods:

  • Profiling of 26 COVID-19 autopsy cases from four Wuhan cohorts.
  • Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in lungs and multiple extrapulmonary organs.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 detected in various organs up to 67 days post-symptom onset.
  • COVID-19 classified into intrapulmonary and systemic viral subtypes based on organotropism.
  • Systemic spread involved monocytes, macrophages, and vascular endothelia at physiological barriers.

Conclusions:

  • Permanent SARS-CoV-2 presence and tissue injury suggest direct viral invasion.
  • Monocytes, macrophages, and vascular endothelia may serve as entry points for systemic dissemination.
  • Findings provide insights into systemic pathology and potential COVID-19 treatments.