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The role of regulated necrosis in endocrine diseases

Wulf Tonnus1, Alexia Belavgeni1, Felix Beuschlein2,3

  • 1Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Division of Nephrology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at the Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Nature Reviews. Endocrinology
|June 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Regulated necrosis, a form of cell death, is implicated in endocrine disorders like type 1 diabetes. Targeting these pathways, particularly necroptosis, offers promising therapeutic potential for endocrine diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cell death mechanisms are crucial in endocrine diseases such as type 1 diabetes, adrenopause, and hypogonadotropism.
  • Pathophysiologically relevant cell death is primarily necrotic, distinct from the apoptotic pathways maintaining regular metabolism.
  • Necrosis involves plasma membrane rupture, releasing damage-associated molecular patterns that initiate necroinflammation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce regulated necrosis pathways (necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis) within the endocrine context.
  • To discuss the specific consequences of regulated necrosis in endocrine environments.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting regulated necrosis in endocrine disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Review of basic cell death research.
  • Focus on regulated necrosis pathways.
  • Analysis of the endocrine environment's role.

Main Results:

  • Regulated necrosis pathways include necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis.
  • These pathways have specific consequences within the endocrine system.
  • Necrostatins are already in clinical trials for autoimmune conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Regulated necrosis plays a significant role in endocrine disorders.
  • Targeting regulated necrosis, especially necroptosis, presents a novel therapeutic avenue.
  • Further investigation and clinical trials of necrostatins in endocrine diseases are warranted.

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