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Face Burns: A 4-Year Experience.

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Facial burns are common, but few adults require grafting. Patients needing grafts had larger burns and higher mortality, highlighting the need for prevention strategies targeting accelerants and flammable gases.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Burn Management
  • Plastic Surgery

Background:

  • Facial burns present unique challenges due to visibility and potential for disfiguring scars.
  • Effective management strategies are crucial for optimizing outcomes in adult burn patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the experience of adult patients admitted to a regional burn center with facial burns.
  • To analyze patient demographics, burn characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of adult patients (≥18 years) admitted with face burns from July 2015 to June 2019.
  • Data collected included sex, age, ethnicity, burn etiology, burn size (TBSA), and discharge status.
  • Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, Student's t-tests, and chi-square tests (P < .05 significance).

Main Results:

  • 595 adult patients (35% of admissions) had face burns; majority were male (80%) with a mean age of 44.9 years.
  • Flame was the most common etiology (80%), with accelerants (21%) and flammable gases (7%) being significant contributors.
  • Only 5.2% of patients required face grafting; those needing grafts had larger TBSA burns and higher mortality (2.4-fold increase).

Conclusions:

  • Adult head and face burns are frequent, but operative intervention (grafting) is uncommon.
  • Patients requiring facial grafting experienced more severe burns, longer hospital stays, and increased mortality.
  • Prevention efforts should focus on reducing flame-related injuries, particularly those involving accelerants and flammable gases.