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Related Concept Videos

Semiconductors01:22

Semiconductors

1.0K
There is variation in the electrical conductivity of materials - metals, semiconductors, and insulators that are showcased with the help of the energy band diagrams.
Metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), or lead (Pb) have low resistivity and feature conduction bands that are either not fully occupied or overlap with the valence band, making a bandgap non-existent. This allows electrons in the highest energy levels of the valence band to easily transition to the conduction band upon gaining...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

High Temperature Fabrication of Nanostructured Yttria-Stabilized-Zirconia YSZ Scaffolds by In Situ Carbon Templating Xerogels
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Superionic Conductivity in Ceria-Based Heterostructure Composites for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.

Yifei Zhang1, Jingjing Liu1, Manish Singh2

  • 1Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Science and Technology/Energy Storage Research Center, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.

Nano-Micro Letters
|June 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Ceria-based heterostructure composites offer high power in low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFCs). This review explores strategies for enhanced ionic conduction in these advanced LTSOFC materials.

Keywords:
Built-in fieldCeria-based heterostructure compositeCeria–semiconductorEnergy bandSolid oxide fuel cell

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Conversion

Background:

  • Ceria-based heterostructure composites (CHCs) are key for advanced low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LTSOFCs).
  • Current CHC systems show promise but lack deep scientific understanding for optimal performance.
  • This hinders the wide application and commercialization of LTSOFC technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a new fundamental strategy for superionic conduction in CHC materials.
  • To deepen the scientific understanding of CHC systems for LTSOFC applications.
  • To bridge the gap between fundamental research and commercialization of LTSOFCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ceria-carbonate and ceria-semiconductor heterostructures.
  • Analysis of energy band and built-in-field assisting superionic conduction mechanisms.
  • Discussion of coupling effects between ionic transfer, band structure, and alignment.

Main Results:

  • Identified energy band and built-in-field as critical for superionic conduction in CHCs.
  • Highlighted the coupling effect among ionic transfer, band structure, and alignment.
  • Presented new scientific understanding of ceria-carbonate theories, including space charge and multi-ion conduction.

Conclusions:

  • A fundamental strategy for superionic conduction in CHC materials is proposed.
  • Enhanced understanding of CHC systems can lead to improved LTSOFC performance.
  • This work provides a scientific basis for the development of advanced LTSOFCs.