An Ultra-microporous Carbon Material Boosting Integrated Capacitance for Cellulose-Based Supercapacitors

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Electrochemistry
• Energy Storage

Background:

• Supercapacitor performance is limited by inefficient pore structures in carbon-based electrode materials.
• Advancing power density and stability requires optimized electrode architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To fabricate an ultra-microporous carbon with ultrahigh capacitance.
• To enhance supercapacitor performance through optimized pore structure and dual doping.

Main Methods:

• One-step carbonization/activation of dense bacterial cellulose (BC) precursor.
• Nitrogen/sulfur dual doping of the resulting microporous carbon.
• Fabrication of all-solid-state cellulose-based supercapacitors.

Main Results:

• The synthesized carbon exhibits a high surface area (1554 m² g⁻¹) and packing density (1.18 g cm⁻³).
• Achieved ultrahigh gravimetric (430 F g⁻¹) and volumetric (507 F cm⁻³) capacitances at 0.5 A g⁻¹.
• Demonstrated excellent stability at high current densities (10 A g⁻¹) and high areal/volumetric energy densities in supercapacitors.

Conclusions:

• The novel porous carbon structure and dual doping synergistically enhance ion storage and transport.
• The developed material and device show significant potential for high-performance energy storage.
• This work offers a promising pathway for advanced carbon-based supercapacitors.