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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

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Focus on How Plants Engage With Beneficial Microorganisms While at the Same Time Restricting Pathogens.

Jeanne M Harris1, Kathryn M Jones2, Dong Wang3

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A.

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|June 17, 2021
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Summary

Plants manage beneficial microbes while restricting pathogens, a key question in plant-microbe interactions. Understanding this balance is crucial for plant health and shaping the plant microbiome.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions
  • Microbiome Research
  • Plant Immunity

Background:

  • Plants navigate complex microbial environments, balancing beneficial relationships with pathogen defense.
  • The top unanswered question in molecular plant-microbe interactions concerns how plants manage beneficial microbes while restricting pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the integration of multiple inputs that trigger plant immunity or mutualistic symbiosis.
  • To explore how these plant responses shape the associated microbiome.
  • To discuss the plant-microbe-soil continuum and its extension to leaf surfaces.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research in molecular plant-microbe interactions.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on plant responses to beneficial and pathogenic microbes.
  • Synthesis of findings related to plant microbiome shaping.

Main Results:

  • Plants integrate diverse signals to initiate immunity or symbiosis, influencing their microbiome.
  • Research is expanding from the plant-soil interface to aerial surfaces like leaves.
  • Simultaneous interactions with beneficial and pathogenic microbes are being investigated.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding how plants manage beneficial microbes while resisting pathogens is critical.
  • This knowledge is essential for improving plant health through nutrient acquisition and disease resistance.
  • The review provides a framework for future research on plant-microbe interactions across different plant surfaces.