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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier

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Published on: July 12, 2017

Table-top extreme ultraviolet second harmonic generation.

Tobias Helk^1,2, Emma Berger^3,4, Sasawat Jamnuch⁵

¹Institute of Optics and Quantum Electronics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller University, 07743 Jena, Germany. tobias.helk@uni-jena.de christian.spielmann@uni-jena.de mwz@berkeley.edu.

Science Advances

|June 17, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate table-top extreme ultraviolet (XUV) second harmonic generation (SHG), enabling advanced spectroscopy. This breakthrough offers accessible studies of element-specific dynamics in complex materials.

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Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
Materials Science
Surface Science

Background:

Nonlinear XUV and X-ray spectroscopies are typically limited to large-scale free-electron lasers (FELs) due to flux and coherence requirements.
Table-top extreme ultraviolet (XUV) sources lack the necessary properties for advanced nonlinear spectroscopies.
Surface, interfacial, and bulk-phase asymmetries are crucial in multicomponent systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate second harmonic generation (SHG) on a table-top XUV source.
To enable nonlinear XUV spectroscopies using accessible laboratory-scale equipment.
To investigate element-specific dynamics in materials with complex phase behaviors.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a high-harmonic seeded soft X-ray laser to generate a table-top XUV source.
Performing second harmonic generation (SHG) experiments near the Titanium (Ti) M_2,3 edge.
Conducting first-principles electronic structure calculations to analyze the SHG signal.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated second harmonic generation (SHG) in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) region using a table-top source.
Observed SHG near the Ti M_2,3 edge, confirming the feasibility of the technique.
Calculations revealed the surface-specific nature of the signal and distinguished resonant from nonresonant contributions.

Conclusions:

The development of table-top XUV-SHG sources significantly enhances accessibility for advanced spectroscopic studies.
This technique allows for the investigation of element-specific dynamics in systems where asymmetry is key.
Future research can explore complex multicomponent systems with unprecedented detail.