Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 1, 2025
Clinical Practice Protocol of Creative Music Therapy for Preterm Infants and Their Parents in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Published on: January 7, 2020
Music Therapy and Family-Integrated Care in the NICU: Using Heartbeat-Music Interventions to Promote Mother-Infant
Maxwell Corrigan1, Jason Keeler, Harriet Miller
1Alexander Center for Neonatology, Orlando Health Winnie Palmer Hospital for Women & Babies, Orlando, Florida (Messrs Corrigan and Keeler, Dr Miller, and Mss Naylor and Diaz); and Orlando Health Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, Florida (Mr Keeler and Dr Miller).
Background:
Family-integrated care in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is the criterion standard. Parent-infant bonding may be an indicator of successful family involvement. Music therapy (MT) is a growing service in the NICU, with interventions to support meaningful family involvement and improve bonding.
Purpose:
To study the effects of heartbeat-music interventions to support mother-infant bonding in the NICU and explore experiences of mothers participating in MT.
Methods:
Parallel-group randomized trial (MT vs standard care) to compare Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) scores from baseline to 1 week postenrollment. MT included 2 heartbeat-music interventions (recorded maternal lullaby and heartbeat for infants, and recorded infant heartbeat and preferred music for mothers). Five mothers were randomly asked to complete a survey regarding their experiences with MT services.
Results:
One hundred mothers enrolled. In total, 44.3% completed the MIBS follow-up. Covarying out baseline MIBS, one-way analysis of covariance found no statistical difference between groups for MIBS 1-week follow-up (MT: mean = 0.64, SD = 1.6; standard care: mean = 0.57, SD = 1.5; P = .60) but underpowered in post hoc. Comforting, family cohesion, and personal growth and development themes emerged in qualitative analysis of survey responses.
Implications For Practice:
MT remains a viable service for purposefully including parents in the care of their NICU infants. Nurses and music therapists must work closely to successfully implement meaningful interventions such as heartbeat-music.
Implications For Research:
Heartbeat-music interventions should be further studied for diverse applications, including family integration, family coping, and bereavement.
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