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Coarticulation facilitates lexical processing for toddlers with autism.

Ron Pomper1, Susan Ellis Weismer2, Jenny Saffran1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Brogden Hall 1202, West Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1500 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53705, USA.

Cognition
|June 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show typical use of phonological cues in speech processing. This suggests phonological processing may be a relative strength for children with ASD.

Keywords:
AutismIndividual differencesLanguage processingPhonologyPrediction

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Area of Science:

  • Child development
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Speech and language processing

Background:

  • Language delays are common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • The underlying mechanisms of these delays are not fully understood.
  • Differences in language processing may contribute to ASD-related language delays.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how children with ASD process speech using phonological information.
  • To compare speech processing in children with ASD and typically developing (TD) children.
  • To determine if phonological processing is a relative strength in children with ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Compared 3- to 4-year-old children with ASD (n=58) and 2- to 3-year-old TD children (n=44).
  • Assessed the use of phonological coarticulation in incremental speech processing.
  • Measured reaction times to fixate target objects in response to auditory sentences.

Main Results:

  • Both ASD and TD children were faster to identify target objects when sentences contained coarticulatory information.
  • The effect of coarticulation was similar between ASD and TD groups.
  • When receptive language ability was controlled, the coarticulation effect was stronger in children with ASD.

Conclusions:

  • Phonological processing appears to be a relative strength for children with ASD.
  • Findings suggest that early speech processing mechanisms may be intact in ASD.
  • This research contributes to understanding the heterogeneity of language development in ASD.