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Exploring nine simultaneously occurring transients on April 12th 1950.

Beatriz Villarroel1,2, Geoffrey W Marcy3, Stefan Geier4,5

  • 1Nordita, KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Stockholm University, Roslagstullsbacken 23, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden. beatriz.villarroel@su.se.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Nine transient astronomical events were detected on a 1950s photographic plate but not in later surveys. Researchers explored contamination or fast solar reflections as potential causes for these unexplained Palomar Sky Survey findings.

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Area of Science:

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Observational Cosmology
  • Transient Astronomical Events

Background:

  • The Palomar Sky Survey (PSS) captured historical astronomical data.
  • Unexplained transient point sources were observed on a specific PSS red-sensitive plate from 1950.
  • These transient events are absent in earlier, later, and modern deep CCD surveys.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature of nine transient point sources detected on a 1950s Palomar Sky Survey plate.
  • To determine the cause of the unusually high incidence of these transient events.
  • To explore potential explanations including instrumental artifacts or novel astrophysical phenomena.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of a red-sensitive photographic plate from the 1950 Palomar Sky Survey.
  • Comparison with archival photographic plates and modern deep CCD survey data.
  • Acquisition of deep CCD images using the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias.

Main Results:

  • Nine point sources appeared transiently within a 10 arcmin region on a 1950 PSS plate.
  • These sources are absent in all other available imaging data, including modern deep surveys.
  • Deep GTC observations revealed possible optical counterparts, but their nature remains uncertain.
  • The observed incidence rate of transients is significantly higher than expected for known astrophysical phenomena.

Conclusions:

  • The transient point sources on the 1950 PSS plate are anomalous.
  • Possible explanations include unknown plate contamination or fast solar reflections from near-geosynchronous objects.
  • Further investigation, including searching for linear alignments in other PSS data, is warranted to confirm the origin of these events.