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Perfectionism Classes and Aggression in Adolescents.

Cecilia Ruiz-Esteban1, Inmaculada Méndez1, Aitana Fernández-Sogorb2

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Adolescent perfectionism, categorized into non-perfectionists, maladaptive, and adaptive groups, shows distinct aggression levels. Maladaptive perfectionists exhibit the highest aggression, while adaptive perfectionists show the lowest, informing school violence prevention.

Keywords:
adolescentsaggressive behaviorlatent class analysisperfectionistic concernsperfectionistic strivings

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Adolescent Behavior

Background:

  • Perfectionism components, including interpersonal hypersensitivity and hostility, are linked to adolescent aggression.
  • Understanding perfectionism's subtypes is crucial for addressing aggression in adolescents.
  • Existing research highlights the need to differentiate perfectionism levels and their impact on behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify distinct classes of adolescents based on levels of Perfectionistic Strivings (PS) and Perfectionistic Concerns (PC).
  • To examine differences in aggression behavior (anger, hostility, physical, and verbal aggression) among these perfectionism classes.
  • To inform the development of targeted educational programs for conflict prevention in schools.

Main Methods:

  • Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was employed to categorize 1,074 high school students.
  • Participants completed the Child-Adolescent Perfectionism Scale and the Aggression Questionnaire short form.
  • Adolescents were classified into Non-Perfectionists, Maladaptive Perfectionists, and Adaptive Perfectionists.

Main Results:

  • Three distinct classes of adolescent perfectionism were identified: Non-Perfectionists, Maladaptive Perfectionists, and Adaptive Perfectionists.
  • Significant differences in aggression behavior were observed across the identified classes.
  • Maladaptive Perfectionists reported the highest levels of aggression, whereas Adaptive Perfectionists reported the lowest.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescent perfectionism significantly influences aggression, with maladaptive traits correlating with higher aggression.
  • Adaptive perfectionism is associated with lower aggression levels, suggesting a protective factor.
  • Findings support the integration of emotional adjustment strategies into educational programs to mitigate school violence.