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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Gut microbiota and bone metabolism.

Lingyun Lu1,2, Xiaoxuan Chen3, Yi Liu4

  • 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
|June 18, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The gut microbiota (GM) influences bone health and osteoporosis by affecting bone remodeling. Understanding these gut-bone interactions offers new therapeutic strategies for metabolic bone disease.

Keywords:
bacterial metabolitesbone metabolismgut microbiotaosteoporosispathogen-associated molecular patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Bone Biology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a prevalent metabolic skeletal disease marked by bone loss and microarchitectural deterioration.
  • Gut microbiota (GM) dysbiosis is increasingly linked to disrupted bone homeostasis and osteoporosis development.
  • The precise mechanisms of GM influence on bone metabolism remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of how GM impacts bone metabolism in health and disease.
  • To summarize the relationship between GM structural components and bone metabolism.
  • To discuss potential mechanisms of GM metabolites in regulating bone turnover.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on gut microbiota and bone metabolism.
  • Analysis of studies correlating pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) with bone parameters.
  • Exploration of proposed mechanisms involving GM metabolites in bone turnover.

Main Results:

  • Perturbations in GM composition can initiate and exacerbate bone loss in osteoporosis.
  • GM structural components and their PAMPs show correlations with bone metabolism.
  • Specific GM metabolites are implicated in regulating bone turnover, though mechanisms require further elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • The gut microbiota plays a significant role in maintaining bone homeostasis.
  • Elucidating the complex gut-bone axis offers novel avenues for osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
  • Targeting the GM presents a promising therapeutic strategy for metabolic bone diseases.