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Inner retinal layer ischemia and vision loss after COVID-19 infection: A case report

Hatice Kubra Sonmez1, Osman Ahmet Polat2, Guzel Erkan2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Kayseri State Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy
|June 18, 2021
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

COVID-19 can cause eye problems, including paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM), which affects blood flow in the retina. This case highlights unusual inner retinal ischemia in a COVID-19 patient, expanding our understanding of viral ocular manifestations.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Retinal Imaging

Background:

  • COVID-19 infection is known to present with various ocular manifestations.
  • Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is characterized by inner retinal ischemia and capillary plexus flow disruptions.
  • Inner retinal ischemia as a manifestation of COVID-19 has not been previously reported.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with decreased visual acuity in one eye following COVID-19 infection.
  • Initial suspicion for PAMM was investigated using optical coherence tomography angiography.
  • The imaging revealed ischemia affecting all inner retinal layers.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates a novel presentation of COVID-19 associated inner retinal ischemia.
  • The observed ischemia extended beyond typical PAMM findings.
  • Optical coherence tomography angiography was crucial in diagnosing the extent of retinal involvement.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider atypical retinal manifestations in patients with COVID-19.
  • This finding broadens the spectrum of known ocular complications of COVID-19.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the pathophysiology and long-term effects of COVID-19 on retinal vasculature.
Keywords:
OCTAParacentral acute middle maculopathyRetinal ischemia

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