Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

47.9K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
47.9K
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

48
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
48
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

313
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
313
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow01:26

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

46
Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
46
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

344
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
344
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test01:22

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

43
In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess...
43

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beyond social media: the era of generative AI and intelligent digital platforms in nephrology education.

Renal failure·2026
Same author

Clinical Artificial Intelligence Agents in Nephrology: From Prediction to Action Through Workflow-Native Intelligence-A Roadmap for Workflow-Integrated Care.

Journal of clinical medicine·2026
Same author

Generative AI and large language model evaluation of kidney donation websites: Benchmarking health literacy, sentiment, and digital engagement to optimize donor recruitment.

Digital health·2026
Same author

Bactrim Efficacy in Preventing Infections in Glomerular Diseases Receiving Rituximab.

Kidney medicine·2026
Same author

AI-generated explanations in kidney transplantation: accuracy vs. readability and implications for patient education.

Frontiers in artificial intelligence·2026
Same author

Quality assessment of large language model-generated prior authorization letters in nephrology.

Frontiers in digital health·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.1K

Direct-acting antiviral agents decrease haemoglobin A1c level in patients with diabetes infected with hepatitis C

Kamolyut Lapumnuaypol1, David Pisarcik2, Prapaipan Putthapiban1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, PA, USA.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|June 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) treatment significantly lowered HbA1c levels in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who achieved sustained virologic response (SVR). This suggests DAA therapy may improve glycemic control in this population.

Keywords:
Diabetes mellitusdirect-acting antiviral agentshaemoglobin A1chepatitis C virusmeta-analysis

More Related Videos

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice
07:25

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice

Published on: September 25, 2019

7.0K
Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
09:29

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

30.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
05:46

Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors

Published on: April 9, 2014

18.1K
Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice
07:25

Stem Cell-Derived Viral Ag-Specific T Lymphocytes Suppress HBV Replication in Mice

Published on: September 25, 2019

7.0K
Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
09:29

Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds

Published on: October 29, 2015

30.5K

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Endocrinology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is linked to increased type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence.
  • HCV eradication can reduce T2DM risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents on glycemic control in HCV-infected patients with T2DM.
  • To assess if DAA therapy improves hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies (MEDLINE, EMBASE).
  • Included studies of HCV-infected T2DM patients receiving DAA therapy and achieving sustained virologic response (SVR).
  • Analyzed changes in HbA1c levels before and after DAA treatment.

Main Results:

  • Four cohort studies with 2648 patients were analyzed.
  • DAA therapy was associated with a significant reduction in mean HbA1c levels post-treatment (-0.50%).
  • High heterogeneity (I² = 77%) was observed.

Conclusions:

  • DAA treatment is associated with improved glycemic control (reduced HbA1c) in HCV-infected T2DM patients achieving SVR.
  • The study's limitation is the lack of a comparison group, preventing definitive conclusions about DAA therapy being the sole cause of HbA1c reduction.