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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

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Pet-turtles: a potential source of human pathogenic bacteria.

Sabrina Hossain1, Gang-Joon Heo2

  • 1Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Veterinary Medical Center and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungdae-ro 1, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea.

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|June 19, 2021
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Summary

Pet turtles can carry bacteria that cause human infections, especially in children and immunocompromised individuals. Proper sanitation is crucial to prevent the spread of these zoonotic diseases from pet reptiles.

Keywords:
BacteriaPet-turtlesPublic healthVirulence factors

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Microbiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pet turtles are recognized reservoirs for various bacterial species due to their intestinal microflora.
  • Bacterial infections in pet turtles can be exacerbated by extrinsic stressors like poor husbandry and nutrition.
  • These bacteria possess virulence genes, enabling them to cause infections in both turtles and humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review bacterial species commonly isolated from pet turtles.
  • To raise awareness regarding the potential health risks associated with keeping pet turtles.
  • To highlight the importance of sanitation in preventing zoonotic disease transmission.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing literature on bacterial pathogens found in pet turtles.
  • Data on bacterial species, their virulence factors, and associated infections were collected.
  • Studies focusing on transmission routes and risk factors were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Several bacterial species, including Salmonella, have been frequently isolated from pet turtles.
  • Inadequate sanitation practices during turtle handling increase the risk of bacterial transmission.
  • Children and immunocompromised individuals are particularly vulnerable to infections from pet turtles.

Conclusions:

  • Pet turtles pose a significant zoonotic disease risk, necessitating increased public awareness.
  • Implementing strict hygiene protocols is essential for turtle owners, handlers, and veterinarians.
  • Further research into turtle-specific bacterial pathogens and preventative measures is warranted.