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Police Officers' addiction frameworks and policy attitudes.

Jennifer Murphy1, Brenda Russell2

  • 1Criminal Justice, Penn State Berks, P.O. Box 7009, Reading, PA 19610, United States.

Addictive Behaviors
|June 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Police officers’ views on drug addiction influence their support for treatment-oriented policies. Biological perspectives correlate with support for treatment and naloxone access, while moralistic views align with punitive sanctions.

Keywords:
Addiction frameworksAttitudesDrug policyNaloxoneStigma

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Area of Science:

  • Criminology
  • Public Health
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Police frequently interact with individuals using drugs.
  • Understanding officers' perceptions of addiction is crucial for effective drug policy.
  • Little is known about how officers conceptualize addiction and its impact on policy attitudes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between police officers' addiction frameworks and their support for treatment-oriented drug policies.
  • To investigate how moralistic versus biological views of addiction influence policy preferences.

Main Methods:

  • Surveyed 618 police officers on their beliefs regarding drug policy.
  • Assessed officers' views on whether drug addiction stems from moral failings or biological/social factors.
  • Analyzed the variance in drug policy attitudes explained by addiction frameworks and control variables.

Main Results:

  • Addiction frameworks explained approximately 22% of the variance in drug policy attitudes.
  • Officers with a biological perspective supported treatment expansion, naloxone access, and less punitive sanctions.
  • Stronger moralistic views correlated with less support for treatment and more support for punitive sanctions.

Conclusions:

  • Police officers' conceptualizations of drug addiction significantly shape their attitudes toward drug policies.
  • Biological frameworks are associated with support for harm reduction and treatment, while moralistic views favor punitive approaches.
  • Officer demographics (age, education) and experience (overdose exposure) also influence policy support, highlighting the complexity of police perspectives on drug use.