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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Overview of the Skull01:08

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The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
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Sutures of the Skull01:22

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
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Anatomy of the Brain: Ventricles01:18

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There are hollow fluid-filled cavities known as ventricles deep inside the human brain. There are two lateral ventricles, one in each cerebral hemisphere, and each has three different projections — the anterior, inferior, and posterior horns visible from the lateral side. A thin membrane called the septum pellucidum separates the two lateral ventricles. The slender third ventricle in the diencephalon is connected to each lateral ventricle via a channel called the interventricular foramen.
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Cranial Nerves: Overview and Anatomy01:19

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The cranial nerves are an important part of the complex network of nerves in the human body. These nerves emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting essential information between the brain and various parts of the head and neck. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves, systematically numbered using Roman numerals from I to XII, beginning from the anterior and moving to the posterior of the brain. Each cranial nerve is uniquely identified by names that reflect its function...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Role of Diffusion MRI Tractography in Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery
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Central Skull Base Anatomy and Pathology: A Review.

Ayman Abunimer1, Ashley Aiken1, Kristen Baugnon1

  • 1Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Division of Neuroradiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.

Seminars in Ultrasound, CT, and MR
|June 20, 2021
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Summary

This review covers central skull base anatomy and pathologies. It highlights how MRI and CT imaging are essential for diagnosing various conditions in this complex head and neck region.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Anatomy
  • Pathology

Background:

  • The central skull base is a complex anatomical area.
  • It is prone to diverse pathologies including neoplastic, vascular, infectious, inflammatory, and developmental conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the anatomy of the central skull base.
  • To provide an overview of common pathologies and their radiological characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Review of central skull base anatomy.
  • Discussion of common pathologies and their imaging features.

Main Results:

  • Detailed anatomical review of the central skull base.
  • Characteristic radiological findings for common pathologies are presented.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of central skull base pathologies relies on understanding its complex anatomy.
  • Complementary use of MRI and CT is crucial for comprehensive evaluation.