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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

A Standardized Procedure for Monitoring Harmful Algal Blooms in Chile by Metabarcoding Analysis
Published on: August 26, 2021
On the heterogeneous spread of COVID-19 in Chile
Danton Freire-Flores1,2, Nyna Llanovarced-Kawles1,2, Anamaria Sanchez-Daza2,3
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Materials, Universidad de Chile, Beauchef 851, 8370448 Santiago, Chile.
Abstract:
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have played a crucial role in controlling the spread of COVID-19. Nevertheless, NPI efficacy varies enormously between and within countries, mainly because of population and behavioral heterogeneity. In this work, we adapted a multi-group SEIRA model to study the spreading dynamics of COVID-19 in Chile, representing geographically separated regions of the country by different groups. We use national mobilization statistics to estimate the connectivity between regions and data from governmental repositories to obtain COVID-19 spreading and death rates in each region. We then assessed the effectiveness of different NPIs by studying the temporal evolution of the reproduction number . Analysing data-driven and model-based estimates of , we found a strong coupling of different regions, highlighting the necessity of organized and coordinated actions to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, we evaluated different scenarios to forecast the evolution of COVID-19 in the most densely populated regions, finding that the early lifting of restriction probably will lead to novel outbreaks.
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