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Crops for Carbon Farming.

Christer Jansson1, Celia Faiola2, Astrid Wingler3

  • 1Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, United States.

Frontiers in Plant Science
|June 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Designing crop ideotypes can enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and boost agricultural productivity. This approach integrates plant, microbe, and soil systems for improved soil health and climate change mitigation.

Keywords:
PGPB (plant growth-promoting bacteria)carbon budgetcarbon farmingplant-microbe interactionsrhizosphererhizosphere microbiomesustainable agriculture

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Soil Science
  • Climate Change Mitigation

Background:

  • Agricultural lands represent one-third of global arable land, offering potential for atmospheric CO2 sequestration.
  • Improving soil carbon budgets enhances soil health, crop productivity, and provides a carbon pool for long-term storage, aiding climate change mitigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose the design of crop ideotypes with dual functionality: high productivity (food, feed, fuel) and enhanced soil carbon contribution.
  • To advocate for a holistic, integrated plant-microbe-soil system approach for significant improvements in soil carbon storage.

Main Methods:

  • Designing plants with increased root strength for greater belowground carbon allocation.
  • Balancing increased belowground carbon with enhanced photosynthesis and biomass accumulation.
  • Developing soil microbial consortia for increased rhizosphere sink strength and plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties.

Main Results:

  • The proposed three-pronged approach aims to significantly improve soil carbon storage.
  • Enhanced root systems will increase carbon allocation belowground.
  • Optimized plant-microbe interactions will improve soil health and productivity.

Conclusions:

  • Integrated crop design focusing on belowground carbon allocation and microbial interactions is key to enhancing soil carbon sequestration.
  • This strategy supports both agricultural productivity and climate change mitigation goals.
  • Future research should focus on developing these dual-function crop ideotypes and microbial consortia.