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A Framework For Memory Performance Prediction From Brain Volume In Preterm-Born Adolescents.

Hassna Irzan1,2, Helen O'Reilly3, Sebastien Ourselin2,1

  • 1Dept. Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London.

Proceedings. IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging
|June 21, 2021
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Summary

Extremely preterm birth can impact adult memory. Specific brain cortical volumes are linked to visual working and short-term memory performance in adolescents born very early. This research aids understanding of long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Advances in neonatal care increase survival rates for extremely preterm infants.
  • However, neurodevelopmental and neurological complications persist, leading to increased disabilities and healthcare costs.
  • Understanding long-term brain development in preterm survivors is crucial for informed decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between cortical volumes and memory performance in adolescents.
  • To determine if these associations persist into late adolescence for individuals born extremely preterm.
  • To identify specific brain regions predictive of memory function in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) regression.
  • Analyzed cortical volumes in 133 19-year-old adolescents, with 61% born extremely preterm.
  • Assessed visual working memory and visual short-term memory performance.

Main Results:

  • LASSO identified specific brain regions correlating with memory performance.
  • These identified regions explained 27% of the variance in visual working memory and 32% in visual short-term memory.
  • Significant correlations (58% for working memory, 56% for short-term memory) were found between predicted and validation memory scores.

Conclusions:

  • Cortical volumes in specific brain regions are significant predictors of memory performance in adolescents.
  • These findings highlight the lasting impact of extremely preterm birth on neurodevelopment and cognitive function into late adolescence.
  • This research provides valuable insights for understanding and potentially intervening in long-term outcomes for preterm survivors.