Induced Hypotension in Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Comparative Study of Dexmedetomidine and Esmolol

Introduction Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is one of the common surgical procedures requiring hypotensive anesthesia; many agents have been tried to reduce the amount of blood loss. This study aims at comparing the efficacy of two agents for providing deliberate hypotension. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of esmolol and of dexmedetomidine and compare which one of the two is a better agent to produce induced hypotension during FESS. Materials and methods This was a comparative study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Odisha, India. There were two study groups with 30 participants each who were given either esmolol or dexmedetomidine (group E and group DEX, respectively). Results Esmolol is an anti-hypertensive agent with better hemodynamic stability. The amount of drug and dose requirement was low in group DEX. The emergence time, sedation score, and time to first analgesic request were found to be highly statistically significant in group DEX. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine was found to be a better agent at controlling intra-operative blood pressure than esmolol and had beneficial effects on recovery from anesthesia and analgesia.