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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

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Perioperative Blocks for Decreasing Postoperative Narcotics in Breast Reconstruction.

Ariel Clare Johnson1, Salih Colakoglu1, Angela Reddy2

  • 1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
|June 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Local anesthetic techniques effectively reduce opioid use and improve pain control after breast reconstruction surgery. These methods offer better patient outcomes by decreasing narcotic consumption and associated side effects.

Keywords:
BlocksBreast ReconstructionNon-narcoticOpioidRegional Anesthesia

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Opioid medications are frequently overused post-surgery, leading to high mortality and dependence rates.
  • Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines promote local anesthesia to reduce opioid needs.
  • Breast reconstruction surgery often requires significant pain management, increasing opioid reliance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review effective perioperative nerve blocks for decreasing opioid use after breast reconstruction.
  • To summarize evidence on local anesthetic techniques in breast reconstruction pain management.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was performed.
  • Keywords included: narcotics, opioid, surgery, breast reconstruction, pain pump, nerve block, regional anesthesia, and analgesia.
  • Included studies focused on local anesthetic options for reducing postoperative narcotic consumption in breast reconstruction.

Main Results:

  • 52 papers were included in the review.
  • Effective local anesthetic options include single-shot nerve blocks, nerve block catheters, and regional anesthesia.
  • Most studies reported equivalent or superior pain control, with reduced nausea, vomiting, and shorter hospital stays.

Conclusions:

  • Local anesthetic techniques significantly reduce narcotic use in breast reconstruction patients.
  • Implementing these strategies can lead to improved patient outcomes compared to traditional opioid-based pain management.
  • Nerve blocks and regional anesthesia offer a viable alternative to opioids for postoperative pain control.