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Is apalcillin nephrotoxic?

J P Fillastre1, B Moulin, M Godin

  • 1U.E.R. Médecine, University of Rouen, France.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
|June 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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A new antibiotic, apalcillin, may affect kidney function by competing with p-aminohippurate (PAH) for tubular secretion. This study found no significant changes in renal function markers in healthy volunteers.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Nephrology
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Apalcillin, a semisynthetic penicillin, has been used in over 4,000 patients.
  • Elevated serum creatinine was observed in 18 patients, with causality uncertain in 13 cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of apalcillin on renal function in healthy volunteers.
  • To determine if apalcillin impacts creatinine clearance, inulin clearance, or p-aminohippurate (PAH) clearance.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy volunteers received a 4g dose of apalcillin over a defined period.
  • Renal function was assessed through inulin and PAH infusion, measuring clearances and electrolyte excretion.
  • Urinary beta-2-microglobulin excretion was also monitored.

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Main Results:

  • No significant changes were observed in creatinine or inulin clearances.
  • A significant decrease in p-aminohippurate (PAH) clearance was noted during apalcillin infusion.
  • Urinary electrolyte output remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Apalcillin may interfere with the proximal tubular secretion of PAH.
  • The antibiotic did not induce further renal dysfunction in healthy individuals.
  • Further research into the mechanism of PAH interaction is warranted.