Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving01:18

Newtonian Fluid: Problem Solving

600
Newtonian fluids exhibit a constant viscosity, meaning their shear stress and shear strain rate are directly proportional. This property ensures a predictable and stable response to applied forces, maintaining a linear relationship between force and flow. Examples include water, air, and light oils, consistently demonstrating this proportional behavior regardless of external conditions.
A velocity gradient forms within the fluid when a Newtonian fluid is placed between two parallel plates, with...
600
Navier–Stokes Equations01:28

Navier–Stokes Equations

1.1K
For incompressible Newtonian fluids, where density remains constant, stresses show a linear relationship with the deformation rate, defined by normal and shear stresses. Normal stresses depend on the pressure exerted on the fluid and the rate of deformation in specific directions, which determines how fluid flows under varying pressures. Shear stresses, on the other hand, act tangentially across fluid layers. They explain how adjacent fluid layers slide relative to one another, connecting...
1.1K
Constraints and Statical Determinacy01:26

Constraints and Statical Determinacy

796
In structural engineering, the equilibrium of a system is not only determined by its equations of equilibrium but also with the help of constraints. Constraints refer to restrictions on the motion of a system. The proper combinations of constraints can minimize the total number of constraints needed to maintain a system in mechanical equilibrium. When this happens, the system is said to be statically determinate. For such systems, the unknown reaction supports can be estimated using equilibrium...
796
First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium01:18

First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium

9.6K
Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
Newton's first law tells us about...
9.6K
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium01:10

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

7.3K
Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If...
7.3K
Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity01:17

Space-Time Curvature and the General Theory of Relativity

3.5K
In 1905, Albert Einstein published his special theory of relativity. According to this theory, no matter in the universe can attain a speed greater than the speed of light in a vacuum, which thus serves as the speed limit of the universe.
This has been verified in many experiments. However, space and time are no longer absolute. Two observers moving relative to one another do not agree on the length of objects or the passage of time. The mechanics of objects based on Newton's laws of...
3.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Emergent viscous hydrodynamics from a single quantum particle.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Finite-time gradient blow-up and shock formation in Israel-Stewart theory: Bulk, shear, and diffusion regimes.

Physical review. E·2026
Same author

Symmetry-Energy Dependence of the Bulk Viscosity of Nuclear Matter.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Effective Action for Relativistic Hydrodynamics from the Crooks Fluctuation Theorem.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Causality Bounds on Dissipative General-Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

Theories of Relativistic Dissipative Fluid Dynamics.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.7K

Nonlinear Constraints on Relativistic Fluids Far from Equilibrium.

Fábio S Bemfica1, Marcelo M Disconzi2, Vu Hoang3

  • 1Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

Physical Review Letters
|June 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

New constraints ensure causality in Israel-Stewart fluid dynamics far from equilibrium. This research provides necessary conditions for causal solutions, even with nonlinear bulk and shear viscosities.

More Related Videos

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

9.8K
Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids
10:28

Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids

Published on: January 3, 2014

14.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 1, 2025

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

8.7K
Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability
06:42

Magnetically Induced Rotating Rayleigh-Taylor Instability

Published on: March 3, 2017

9.8K
Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids
10:28

Experimental Measurement of Settling Velocity of Spherical Particles in Unconfined and Confined Surfactant-based Shear Thinning Viscoelastic Fluids

Published on: January 3, 2014

14.2K

Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Theoretical Physics

Background:

  • Israel-Stewart theories extend relativistic fluid dynamics.
  • Ensuring causality is crucial for theoretical models, especially far from equilibrium.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Derive necessary constraints for causality in Israel-Stewart theories.
  • Establish sufficient conditions for local existence and uniqueness of solutions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Israel-Stewart-like theories.
  • Consideration of full nonlinear regime, including bulk and shear viscosities.
  • No simplifying symmetry or near-equilibrium assumptions were made.

Main Results:

  • Identified new, necessary constraints for causality.
  • Presented sufficient conditions for well-posedness (causality, existence, uniqueness).
  • Results are valid in the nonlinear regime with viscosities at zero chemical potential.

Conclusions:

  • Viscous corrections in fluid dynamics far from equilibrium are fundamentally constrained.
  • The findings are essential for developing robust and causal fluid dynamic models.