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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
Published on: February 6, 2019
Geospatial Disparities in Access to Proton Therapy in the Continental United States
Luke Maillie1, Stanislav Lazarev1,2, Charles B Simone2,3
1Department of Radiation Oncology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Abstract:
Proton therapy (PT) is an important component of therapy for select cancers, but no formal study of geospatial access to PT has been conducted to date. Population data for 320.7 million people in 32,644 zip codes were analyzed. Median travel time was 1.61 (IQR 0.67-3.36) hours for children and 1.64 (IQR 0.69-3.33) hours for adults. Significant variation in travel time to nearest PT center was observed between states. The West has a longer median travel time of 3.51 (IQR 1.15-7.13) hours when compared to the Midwest (1.70, IQR 0.79-2.69), South (1.60, IQR 0.61-3.12) and Northeast (1.04, IQR 0.57-2.01).

