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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues
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Is the Perceived Comfort With CG Characters Increasing With Their Novelty?

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    Recent computer graphics (CG) characters evoke greater comfort than older ones, suggesting the uncanny valley (UV) effect is lessening. Charisma and familiarity positively correlate with comfort, even in less realistic virtual humans.

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    Area of Science:

    • Human-Computer Interaction
    • Psychology
    • Computer Graphics

    Background:

    • The uncanny valley (UV) describes viewer discomfort with near-human artificial characters.
    • Masahiro Mori's 1970 hypothesis remains central to understanding this phenomenon.
    • Advancements in computer graphics (CG) necessitate re-evaluating the UV effect.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess if recent CG characters elicit more comfort than older ones.
    • To determine the correlation between charisma, familiarity, and perceived comfort with virtual humans.
    • To investigate the impact of realism on character perception.

    Main Methods:

    • Replication of a 2012 experiment on CG character perception.
    • Inclusion of contemporary CG characters (2020) for comparative analysis.
    • Quantitative assessment of perceived comfort, charisma, and familiarity.

    Main Results:

    • Perceived comfort significantly increased for CG characters from 2012 to 2020.
    • No significant change in comfort was observed for characters within the 2012 cohort.
    • A positive correlation was found between charisma and comfort across all realism levels.
    • Familiarity correlated with charisma, and videos elicited higher perceived charisma than images.

    Conclusions:

    • The uncanny valley effect appears to be diminishing with advancements in CG technology.
    • Charisma and familiarity are key factors influencing audience comfort with virtual characters.
    • Less realistic characters can be perceived as more charismatic, challenging traditional UV assumptions.