Pitfalls in comparison of coronary artery measurements of Indian population with different geographical area studies
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Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
Published on: August 28, 2018
Paul Divia Aricatt1, S M Ashraf2, K Subramanyam3
1Department of Anatomy, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be) University, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018, Karnataka, India.
Insights
Indian coronary artery measurements are smaller compared to other populations, likely due to smaller body surface area. This study establishes a normal coronary artery diameter database for Indians.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Medical Imaging
- Anatomy
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of death globally, particularly in developing nations.
- Coronary artery measurements (CAM) are critical for successful coronary angioplasty (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).
Purpose of the Study:
- To create a normative database for coronary artery measurements in the Indian population.
- To investigate gender-based differences in coronary artery dimensions among Indians.
- To assess normal coronary vessel morphology using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA).
Main Methods:
- Prospective analysis of 4000 angiograms from patients of Indian origin.
- Exclusion of patients post-CABG, post-PCI, and those with diabetes for ≥5 years.
- Measurement of ten coronary artery segments, indexed to body surface area (BSA).
Main Results:
- 933 patients (23.3%) exhibited normal coronary arteries.
- A higher prevalence of diseased coronaries was observed in 3067 patients (76.7%).
- Coronary artery dimensions in Indians were found to be smaller compared to international data.
Conclusions:
- Indian coronary artery dimensions are smaller, potentially due to smaller average body surface area (BSA).
- This study provides essential reference data for cardiovascular procedures in the Indian population.
Introduction:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality especially in the developing countries. Coronary artery measurements (CAM) are the most important factor affecting the procedure and outcome of coronary angioplasty (PCI) as well as coronary by-pass operations (CABG). In this study, we aimed to establish a database for the normal CAM as well as for gender difference among the Indian population using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) with an objective of assessing normal coronary vessel morphology of patients with normal coronaries.
Materials And Methods:
Four thousand angiograms from patients of Indian origin were studied prospectively after procuring the sanction for the same from the ethical committee of the pre-selected hospitals of four states in India. Informed consents were obtained. Post CABG, post PCI patients and patient being diabetic for ≥5 years were also excluded from the study.
Results:
Ten segments from right and left coronary arteries were taken for diameter measurements. These coronary diameters were indexed to body surface area (BSA) (mean diameter mm/m2 BSA). Among, 4000 patients, 933(23.3%) [M:F-521:412] had normal coronaries and 3067 (76.7%) were diseased.
Discussion And Conclusion:
The dimensions of the coronary artery segments of Indians were smaller (in BSA indexed and non-indexed data), compared to studies from other continents which can be due to their smaller BSA.
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