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Assessing methods for geometric distortion compensation in 7 T gradient echo functional MRI data.

Michael-Paul Schallmo1, Kimberly B Weldon1,2, Philip C Burton2,3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Human Brain Mapping
|June 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study compared magnetic resonance imaging distortion correction methods for echo planar imaging at 7T. Opposite phase encoding scans provided superior correction compared to B0 field maps, especially for gradient echo EPI data.

Keywords:
7 TeslaB0 inhomogeneitydistortion compensationecho planar imagingfield mapfunctional MRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Background:

  • Echo planar imaging (EPI) is crucial for functional and diffusion MRI but suffers geometric distortions.
  • These distortions are exacerbated at very high magnetic fields (≥7T) due to static magnetic field (B0) inhomogeneities.
  • Existing correction methods include B0 field mapping and opposite phase encoding scans, but quantitative comparisons are limited, especially at ultra-high fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively compare distortion compensation methods for 7T gradient echo EPI data.
  • To evaluate the performance of B0 field mapping versus opposite phase encoding techniques.
  • To assess the impact of software packages (FSL, AFNI) and scan types on distortion correction accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Compared B0 field mapping and opposite phase encoding scans for distortion correction in 7T GE EPI data from 31 participants.
  • Utilized FSL and AFNI software packages.
  • Quantified correction quality using Dice coefficients and mutual information against anatomical references.

Main Results:

  • FSL and AFNI showed equivalent performance.
  • Gradient echo EPI scans with opposite phase encoding demonstrated superior whole-brain distortion compensation compared to B0 field maps or spin echo (SE) opposite phase encoding.
  • SE opposite phase encoding was more effective in regions with significant signal dropout, like the ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
  • Matching the type of opposite phase encoding scan to the EPI data improved correction.

Conclusions:

  • Opposite phase encoding scans, particularly gradient echo EPI, offer superior distortion correction for 7T EPI data compared to B0 field maps.
  • The optimal distortion correction strategy may depend on specific experimental needs and anatomical regions of interest.
  • This study provides a framework for evaluating distortion correction methods in ultra-high field MRI.