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Related Concept Videos

Fascicle Arrangement in Skeletal Muscles01:25

Fascicle Arrangement in Skeletal Muscles

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Fascicles are bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle. Muscle fascicle arrangement is directly associated with the power and range of motion of various muscles. The configuration of these fascicles can vary, leading to different functional outcomes.
The four primary types of muscle based on fascicle arrangement are:
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Skeletal Muscle Anatomy00:55

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Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
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Naming Skeletal Muscles01:19

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The naming of the approximately 700 muscles in the human body is based on a set of criteria designed to provide descriptive information about each muscle, making it easier to identify and remember them.
The key factors used in naming muscles include:
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Spinal Nerves: Plexus I01:22

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Nerve plexuses are networks of interlacing nerves that serve as communication hubs to distribute and organize nerve action across various body regions. The nerve plexuses are organized into the cervical plexus located in the neck region, brachial plexus in the shoulder area, lumbar plexus found in the lower back, sacral plexus situated in the pelvis, and coccygeal plexus located in the coccygeal region.
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Classification of Skeletal Muscle Fibers01:48

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Skeletal muscles continuously produce ATP to provide the energy that enables muscle contractions. Skeletal muscle fibers can be categorized into three types based on differences in their contraction speed and how they produce ATP, as well as physical differences related to these factors. Most human muscles contain all three muscle fiber types, albeit in varying proportions.
Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers
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Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles01:12

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The connective tissues play a significant role in arranging the muscle fibers into a hierarchical structure that forms a complete muscle. Consider a muscle like the bicep brachii, commonly called the bicep. This muscle comprises thousands of muscle fibers enclosed by a protective layer of connective tissue called the endomysium. The endomysium is primarily composed of reticular fibers, a type of thin collagen fiber. It allows the exchange of nutrients and waste products at the fiber level,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Visualizing the Morphological Characteristics of Neuromuscular Junction in Rat Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle
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Morphologic classification and innervation patterns of the pectineus muscle.

Hankyu Kim1,2, Won Kyu Kim3, Yi-Suk Kim1,2

  • 1Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-Daero 222, Seocho-Gu, Seoul, 06591, Korea.

Anatomical Science International
|June 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals the pectineal hiatus occurs in 18% of individuals. The femoral nerve is the primary innervator of the pectineus muscle, even in cases of dual innervation.

Keywords:
Anatomic variationDual innervationIntramuscular nervePectineal hiatusPectineus

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Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Neuroanatomy

Background:

  • The pectineus muscle's innervation patterns are complex and not fully understood.
  • Variations in muscle anatomy can have clinical implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of the pectineal hiatus.
  • To detail the innervation of the pectineus muscle by the femoral, obturator, and accessory obturator nerves.
  • To investigate the intramuscular nerve distribution and relationships in multi-innervated pectineus muscles.

Main Methods:

  • Dissection of 100 human cadaver thighs (52 individuals).
  • Utilized the modified Sihler's whole-mount nerve-staining technique.
  • Investigated pectineus muscle morphology and innervation patterns.

Main Results:

  • A pectineal hiatus was observed in 18% of specimens.
  • Femoral nerve innervation was present in all specimens.
  • Dual innervation (femoral plus obturator or accessory obturator) occurred in 10% and 2% of specimens, respectively.
  • The femoral nerve demonstrated more extensive branching and coverage within the pectineus muscle.

Conclusions:

  • The pectineal hiatus is a common anatomical variation.
  • The femoral nerve is the dominant nerve supply to the pectineus muscle, regardless of dual innervation.
  • Understanding these innervation patterns is crucial for clinical applications.