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Related Concept Videos

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment01:24

Parkinson's Disease: Treatment

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Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), involve the gradual and irreversible destruction of neurons in particular brain areas. These disorders exhibit standard features like proteinopathies, selective vulnerability of some neurons, and an interaction of intrinsic properties, genetics, and environmental influences in neural injury.
Parkinson's Disease is primarily a result of the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The cornerstone of...
599
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

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Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx...
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Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:24

Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

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Centrally acting muscle relaxants reduce muscle tone and tension by interfering with the postsynaptic reflexes in the central nervous system.
Centrally acting drugs are classified into spasmolytic and antispasmodic drugs. Spasmolytic drugs such as baclofen, diazepam, and tizanidine inhibit spinal motor neurons and decrease muscle tone. Spasmolytic drugs are administered for severe and chronic spasms due to multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, stroke, and spinal cord and muscle injuries. However,...
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Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison01:09

Peripherally and Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants: A Comparison

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Skeletal muscle relaxants can target the central nervous system [CNS] to reduce muscle tension or act directly at the neuromuscular junction to induce temporary paralysis. These two classes of muscle relaxants are called centrally acting muscle relaxants and peripherally acting muscle relaxants. They differ in their action, mechanism, administration route, and clinical uses.
Centrally acting muscle relaxants can be further divided into spasmolytic and antispasmodic drugs. Spasmolytic...
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Electroconvulsive Therapy01:30

Electroconvulsive Therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), or shock therapy, remains a critical biomedical intervention for severe, treatment-resistant depression. While its origins can be traced back to Hippocrates' observations that malaria-induced convulsions alleviated mental illness, modern ECT has evolved significantly from its earlier, more primitive applications. First introduced in 1938 by Ugo Cerletti and his colleagues, ECT involves inducing controlled seizures using electrical currents. In its early...
323
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview01:26

Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview

691
Anxiolytic drugs are vital in managing anxiety disorders by effectively alleviating symptoms such as excessive fear, tachycardia, and tremors. There are several classes of anxiolytic medications, each with unique mechanisms of action and potential side effects.
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

MRI-guided Focused Ultrasound Thalamotomy for Patients with Medically-refractory Essential Tremor
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Finding New Ways To Treat Tremors.

David L Chandler

    IEEE Pulse
    |June 22, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    Essential tremor (ET) affects millions, often mistaken for Parkinson's disease. Emerging treatments offer new hope for those with this debilitating condition.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Movement Disorders

    Background:

    • Essential tremor (ET) is a prevalent neurological condition affecting an estimated ten million individuals in the United States.
    • Despite being recognized for over a century, ET often suffers from low public and medical awareness, frequently being misdiagnosed as Parkinson's disease.
    • ET manifests as involuntary shaking, primarily in the arms and hands, but can also affect the head and torso, significantly impacting daily activities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To highlight the prevalence and impact of essential tremor.
    • To discuss the challenges in diagnosing and recognizing ET as a distinct condition.
    • To introduce the emergence of novel therapeutic approaches for ET management.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on essential tremor prevalence and symptomatology.

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  • Analysis of diagnostic challenges and common misdiagnoses, particularly with Parkinson's disease.
  • Exploration of recent advancements in treatment strategies for ET.

    • Main Results:

    • Essential tremor impacts a substantial portion of the US population, yet remains underrecognized.
    • The condition's symptoms can severely impair fine motor skills required for daily tasks such as writing and eating.
    • New treatment modalities are becoming available, potentially improving quality of life for affected individuals.

    Conclusions:

    • Increased awareness and accurate diagnosis of essential tremor are crucial.
    • The development of new treatments holds promise for managing ET symptoms.
    • Further research and patient education are needed to address the impact of essential tremor.