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Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...

What is Gene Expression?

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

Published on: October 9, 2014

Understanding totipotency: A role for alternative splicing.

Alejandro De Los Angeles¹, Pentao Liu²

¹Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

Developmental Cell

|June 22, 2021

Summary

Researchers found that inhibiting spliceosomes can revert pluripotent stem cells to a totipotent state, enabling them to form an entire organism. This discovery has implications for understanding early development and chimera generation.

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Last Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

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Published on: April 22, 2021

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Stem Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Totipotency is the unique ability of a single cell to differentiate and form a complete organism.
Understanding the mechanisms governing totipotency is crucial for regenerative medicine and developmental studies.
Conventional pluripotent stem cells typically lack the full developmental potential of totipotent cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the potential for reverting pluripotent stem cells to a totipotent state.
To explore the role of spliceosomes in regulating cellular developmental potential.
To identify methods for enhancing stem cell plasticity for applications like chimera generation.

Main Methods:

Utilized spliceosome inhibition in established pluripotent stem cell lines.
Assessed cellular state and developmental potential through various assays.
Analyzed gene expression and epigenetic modifications associated with totipotency.

Main Results:

Inhibition of spliceosomes successfully reprogrammed pluripotent stem cells.
These reprogrammed cells exhibited characteristics of totipotency, including the capacity to form an entire organism.
The study identified specific molecular pathways regulated by spliceosomes that influence stem cell fate.

Conclusions:

Spliceosome activity is a key regulator of stem cell pluripotency and totipotency.
Targeting spliceosomes offers a novel strategy to induce totipotency in stem cells.
These findings advance our understanding of cellular reprogramming and have potential applications in developmental biology and therapeutic interventions.