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Pheochromocytoma crisis.

K Newell1, R A Prinz, S Braithwaite

  • 1Loyala University Medical Center, Department of Surgery and Medicine, Maywood, Illinois 60153.

American Journal of Hypertension
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Pheochromocytoma crisis is a rare but severe condition characterized by extreme blood pressure fluctuations, high fever, and organ failure. Prompt diagnosis and emergent surgery are crucial for survival.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal medulla.
  • Pheochromocytoma crisis is an uncommon and severe presentation.

Observation:

  • Two patients presented with pheochromocytoma crisis, characterized by severe hypertension/hypotension, high fever (>40°C), encephalopathy, and multi-organ failure.
  • Both patients had large tumors with elevated epinephrine levels.
  • Standard antihypertensive therapy was insufficient to prevent rapid deterioration.

Findings:

  • Crisis presentation involves vascular lability, hyperpyrexia, encephalopathy, and organ system failure.
  • Elevated epinephrine secretion may contribute to crisis.
  • Urgent adrenalectomy was successful in reversing multi-organ failure in one patient.

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Implications:

  • Early recognition of pheochromocytoma crisis is vital.
  • Successful management requires prompt diagnosis, aggressive medical management, and consideration of emergent surgical intervention.
  • This condition highlights the critical role of timely surgical removal of pheochromocytoma in crisis states.