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Related Concept Videos

Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

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The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
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Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
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Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

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Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
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Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

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Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
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Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells01:15

Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells

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Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
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Lineage Commitment01:21

Lineage Commitment

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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 1, 2025

Pan-myeloid Differentiation of Human Cord Blood Derived CD34+ Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
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TIM-3 in normal and malignant hematopoiesis: Structure, function, and signaling pathways.

Yoshikane Kikushige1,2

  • 1Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Sciences, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.

Cancer Science
|June 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) is a specific marker for leukemic stem cells (LSCs) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Targeting TIM-3 may offer a way to eliminate LSCs while preserving normal stem cells.

Keywords:
T-cell immunityTIM-3acute myeloid leukemiaimmune checkpoint inhibitorleukemic stem cells

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Ex vivo Mimicry of Normal and Abnormal Human Hematopoiesis
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Ex vivo Mimicry of Normal and Abnormal Human Hematopoiesis
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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized by hierarchical organization, driven by self-renewing leukemic stem cells (LSCs).
  • Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) arise from normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) through multistep genetic alterations.
  • Distinguishing LSCs from HSCs is crucial for developing targeted therapies that spare normal stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify LSC-specific surface molecules for targeted eradication.
  • To investigate the role of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (TIM-3) in LSC self-renewal and function.
  • To review the structure, function, and therapeutic potential of TIM-3 in myeloid malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of TIM-3 as an LSC-specific surface marker in human myeloid malignancies.
  • Functional studies demonstrating TIM-3's essential role in maintaining LSC self-renewal.
  • Review of existing literature on TIM-3 structure, function, and signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • TIM-3 was identified as a specific surface molecule on LSCs in human myeloid malignancies.
  • TIM-3 plays an essential role in sustaining the self-renewal capacity of LSCs.
  • TIM-3's function in T cells is distinct from its role in myeloid malignancies.

Conclusions:

  • TIM-3 represents a promising LSC-specific target for AML therapy.
  • Targeting TIM-3 could lead to selective elimination of LSCs, sparing normal HSCs.
  • Further research into TIM-3 signaling pathways may uncover novel therapeutic strategies for AML.