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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

Pericarditis I: Introduction

79
Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
79
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

89
Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
89
Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

123
Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.
123
Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

79
The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
79
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

69
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
69
Layers of the Heart Wall01:15

Layers of the Heart Wall

4.1K
The heart wall comprises three distinct layers: the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium. The outermost layer, the epicardium, is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium, featuring a thin, transparent mesothelial surface and an inner layer of areolar connective tissue with fat deposits that increase with age.
The myocardium, the thickest layer, consists of cardiac muscle cells interconnected by intercalated discs and crisscrossing connective tissue fibers. These muscle fibers contract...
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Updated: Nov 1, 2025

An Intact Pericardium Ischemic Rodent Model
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[Pericarditis].

Cindy Marques1, Patrice Cacoub1

  • 1"Service de médecine interne et immunologie clinique, Centre de référence des maladies auto-immunes et systémiques rares, Centre de référence des maladies auto-inflammatoires, groupe hospitalier La Pitié-Salpêtrière, AP-HP, Paris, France.Sorbonne Universités, UPMC université de Paris-6, UMR 7211, et département inflammation-immunopathologie-biothérapie (DHU i2B) ; Inserm, UMR S 959 ; CNRS, FRE3632, Paris, France".

La Revue Du Praticien
|June 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute pericarditis, often idiopathic or viral, can frequently recur. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) pathway dysregulation is implicated, suggesting IL-1 receptor antagonists like anakinra may effectively treat recurrent pericarditis.

Keywords:
Pericarditis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Acute pericarditis is common, frequently idiopathic or viral, with a high recurrence rate.
  • Pathophysiology involves innate and adaptive immune system dysregulation, with Interleukin-1 (IL-1) playing a key role.
  • Current treatments (NSAIDs, colchicine) are effective for initial episodes but limited in refractory or recurrent cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of IL-1 pathway in pericarditis pathogenesis.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of IL-1 receptor antagonists in recurrent pericarditis.
  • To discuss the potential of anti-IL-1 therapies in managing this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pericarditis pathophysiology and treatment.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data on IL-1 receptor antagonists (anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept).
  • Evaluation of safety profiles and efficacy in refractory and recurrent pericarditis cases.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests IL-1 pathway activation in pericarditis.
  • Anakinra demonstrates effectiveness and a good safety profile in treating recurrent pericarditis.
  • Other IL-1 receptor antagonists show promising results, warranting further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • IL-1 receptor antagonists represent a promising therapeutic option for recurrent pericarditis.
  • Anakinra is effective with a favorable safety profile.
  • Larger prospective trials are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and safety of anti-IL-1 therapies.