Cardiovascular risk factors and major depressive disorder: a cross-sectional study in São Paulo, Brazil
Danielle Bivanco-Lima1, Itamar de Souza Santos2, Yuan-Pang Wang3
1MD, PhD. Professor, Department of Public Health, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo (FCMSP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Insights
Individuals with major depression show higher rates of smoking and diabetes, and lower rates of obesity. Increased awareness and treatment are crucial for this population to manage cardiovascular risks.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Background:
- Cardiovascular risk factors are key mediators in the link between depression and cardiovascular diseases.
- Understanding these factors is crucial for preventative healthcare strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess cardiovascular risk factors in adults with and without a history of major depression.
- The study focused on the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 626 participants (423 without, 203 with major depression history).
- Evaluations included psychiatric interviews (SCID-1), anthropometrics, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and physical activity assessment.
Main Results:
- Individuals with major depression history were more likely to be female, current smokers (OR 1.61), and have diabetes (OR 1.79).
- They were less likely to be obese (OR 0.58).
Conclusions:
- Major depression is associated with increased odds of tobacco smoking and diabetes, and decreased odds of obesity.
- Healthcare providers should enhance diagnosis and treatment for major depression to mitigate cardiovascular risks.
Background:
Cardiovascular risk factors can mediate the association between depression and cardiovascular diseases.
Objective:
To evaluate cardiovascular risk factors in adult individuals with and without histories of major depression in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil.
Design And Setting:
Cross-sectional study in São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Methods:
This study evaluated 423 individuals without any lifetime diagnosis of major depression and 203 individuals with a previous diagnosis of major depression (n = 626). The participants underwent a psychiatric evaluation using a structured clinical interview (SCID-1), an anthropometric evaluation and a clinical evaluation that included blood pressure measurement and assessment of fasting blood glucose, lipid profile and physical activity levels.
Results:
Individuals with histories of major depression were more likely to be female (P < 0.0001). Individuals with lifetime diagnoses of major depression were more likely to be current smokers (odds ratio, OR 1.61; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.01-2.59) and to have diabetes (OR 1.79; 95% CI 1.01-3.21); and less likely to be obese (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.35-0.94).
Conclusion:
Individuals with major depression had higher odds of presenting tobacco smoking and diabetes, and lower odds of being obese. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of this, so as to increase the rates of diagnosis and treatment in this population.
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