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Mentalizing Bodies: Explicit Mentalizing Without Words in Psychotherapy.

Thomas Wiben Jensen1, Stine Steen Høgenhaug2, Morten Kjølbye2

  • 1Department of Language and Communication, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.

Frontiers in Psychology
|June 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Explicit mentalization, the process of understanding mental states, can occur through non-verbal, embodied actions, not just verbal communication. This study analyzes psychotherapy sessions to show how non-verbal cues facilitate explicit mentalization.

Keywords:
affordanceembodied cognitionmentalizationpsychotherapyre-enactmentsocial interaction

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychotherapy Research

Background:

  • Mentalization involves understanding actions via intentional mental states.
  • The traditional view contrasts implicit (automatic, non-verbal) with explicit (conscious, verbal) mentalization.
  • This study questions the necessity of verbal language for explicit mentalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To challenge the standard distinction between implicit and explicit mentalization.
  • To explore how explicit mentalization can occur through embodied, non-verbal actions.
  • To analyze real-life psychotherapy interactions to understand embodied mentalization processes.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative analysis of four real-life psychotherapy sessions.
  • Utilized embodied cognition and multimodal interaction analysis.
  • Data included video recordings and anonymized drawings from a cognitive ethnography study.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a gradual shift from implicit to explicit mentalizing.
  • Showcased explicit mentalization initiated on an embodied level without verbal language.
  • Highlighted therapist-initiated embodied actions indicating complex awareness and reflection.

Conclusions:

  • Online implicit and explicit mentalization are gradual and intertwined with embodied dynamics.
  • Embodied non-verbal behavior is crucial in psychotherapy for mentalization.
  • The concept of affordance-space offers new perspectives on embodied cognition in understanding others.