Anthracycline Associated Disturbances of Cardiovascular Homeostasis

Despite the dynamic progress of modern medicine, oncological and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a severe economic burden worldwide. Therefore, the study of chemotherapeutic cardiotoxicity appears to be comprehensively demanded. Nowadays, pharmacological therapy in oncology has undoubtedly unprecedented development, but at the same time, the rates of cardiovascular complications of chemotherapy still remain unchanged. The well-established and highly effective, but at the same time, cardiotoxic anthracyclines have not lost their relevance. Furthermore, they remain indispensable components of an immense amount of chemotherapy regimens, such as AC, FAC, etc. Moreover, the anthracycline-containing chemotherapy regimens have become a standard of care in several cancer types. In the context of the above mentioned, the study of the pathophysiological mechanisms, biochemical aspects, and dynamics of the morphological remodeling of doxorubicin-induced cardiovascular homeostasis disturbances will enable finding new targets of pharmacological therapy, which either in the short or long perspectives, will have a beneficial effect, improving both the quality of life and prognosis of oncological patients. This article covers a versatile overview of the molecular mechanisms of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The pathogenesis of cardiotoxicity assessment could help to explore specific molecular mechanisms that initiate cardiovascular alteration that may favorably affect the future development of targeted drugs that could prevent cardiovascular events in cancer patients.