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Related Experiment Videos

Central patterning of speech movements.

V L Gracco1, J H Abbs

  • 1Speech Motor Control Laboratories, Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Experimental Brain Research
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Functional data analyses of lip motion.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·1996

Speech motor control involves a central pattern generator (CPG) coordinating upper lip, lower lip, and jaw movements. Sensory feedback influences timing, advancing motor output and maintaining speech coordination.

Area of Science:

  • Speech motor control
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Systematic timing relations among speech articulators suggest central pattern generator (CPG) operation.
  • Previous studies indicate CPGs govern coordinated speech movements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the consistency of speech kinematic timing relations after lower lip perturbation.
  • To assess sensory information's influence on motor output timing and speech movement coordination.

Main Methods:

  • Lower lip perturbations were applied during the closing movement of the /p/ in "sapapple".
  • Muscle activity and movements of the upper lip, lower lip, and jaw were recorded.
  • Analysis included displacement, velocity, duration, peak velocities, EMG area, and EMG rise time.

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Main Results:

  • Significant magnitude compensations were observed in upper lip, lower lip, and jaw muscles and movements.
  • Movement durations and peak velocity sequencing remained largely unaffected by lower lip loading.
  • Peak EMG amplitude and peak closing velocity timing advanced relative to the preceding opening movement.

Conclusions:

  • Results support the interaction of sensory input with central commands, leading to phase-advanced motor output.
  • Functional linkage of speech structures was maintained despite modified timing.
  • A centrally patterned framework likely underlies speech movement coordination, similar to locomotion and chewing.