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Cellular mechanisms and recommended drug-based therapeutic options in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Lisa Dannenberg1, Sarah Weske2, Malte Kelm1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf (CARID), Düsseldorf, Germany.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|June 25, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DM CM) involves heart changes in diabetes patients, increasing heart failure risk. This review examines how diabetes treatments and heart failure therapies impact DM CM mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is linked to cardiac structural and functional changes, termed diabetic cardiomyopathy (DM CM).
  • DM CM contributes to a high incidence of heart failure in diabetic patients.
  • Cardiomyopathy in diabetes involves cardiomyocyte-level inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and calcium signaling alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanistic effects of current antidiabetic treatments on DM CM.
  • To examine the impact of established heart failure therapies on DM CM.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies for managing DM CM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on DM CM.
  • Analysis of mechanistic pathways in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • Evaluation of therapeutic interventions for DM CM.

Main Results:

  • Current antidiabetic drugs and heart failure therapies exhibit diverse effects on DM CM.
  • Understanding molecular mechanisms is key to developing targeted treatments.
  • Therapeutic strategies need to address inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and calcium handling.

Conclusions:

  • Effective therapeutic options for DM CM are urgently needed.
  • Further research into the mechanistic effects of treatments is crucial.
  • Integrated approaches targeting both diabetes and heart failure are essential for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Cardiac dysfunctionCardiomyopathyDiabetesHyperglycemiaOutcome

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