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Published on: March 8, 2012
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Identifying Area-Level Disparities in Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage Using Geospatial Analysis
David C Wheeler1,2, Carrie A Miller3, Elizabeth K Do3,4
1Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia. dcwheeler@vcu.edu.
Summary
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage in Virginia is low, particularly in rural areas. Sociodemographic factors like population density and Hispanic population percentage influence vaccination rates, highlighting geographic disparities.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection in the US.
- HPV vaccination coverage in the US is suboptimal and shows geographic variation.
- Understanding regional differences in HPV vaccination is crucial for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To model HPV vaccination rate variations in Virginia ZIP Codes for boys and girls.
- To identify sociodemographic factors associated with HPV vaccination disparities.
- To pinpoint geographic areas with significantly low HPV vaccination coverage.
Main Methods:
- Bayesian hierarchical spatial regression models were employed.
- Statewide immunization registry data were utilized.
- Spatial correlations in vaccination rates for both sexes were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Vaccination coverage in the birth cohort was low (28.9% girls, 23.8% boys) compared to national rates.
- Population density, Hispanic population percentage, and vehicle ownership positively correlated with vaccination.
- Predominantly rural areas exhibited significantly depressed vaccination coverage, indicating large geographic disparities.
Conclusions:
- Geospatial patterns and area-level factors influence HPV vaccination rates.
- Identifying these patterns is essential for targeted public health planning.
- Findings will inform geographically targeted interventions and policies to increase HPV vaccination.
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