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High Seroconversion Rate Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Symptomatic Pediatric
Wenly Ruan1,2, Huyen Nguyen1,2, Allyson Wyatt1,2
1Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine.
Insights
Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) patients with COVID-19 showed high rates of seroconversion against SARS-CoV-2, especially when symptomatic. Further research is needed to understand the implications of this COVID-19 immune response in PIBD.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Virology
Background:
- Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) management involves immunosuppression, potentially impacting immune responses to infections.
- Understanding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in PIBD patients is crucial for clinical care and disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion rates in immunosuppressed PIBD patients.
- To correlate COVID-19 symptoms and seroconversion in this cohort.
Main Methods:
- Single-center cohort study of PIBD patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- Analysis of clinical course, medications, COVID-19 symptoms, and SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody testing.
Main Results:
- 14 PIBD patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; 12 underwent IgG testing.
- All 7 symptomatic patients seroconverted; 3 of 5 asymptomatic patients seroconverted.
- No PIBD patients required hospitalization for COVID-19.
Conclusions:
- High rates of SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion observed in immunosuppressed PIBD patients, particularly those with symptoms.
- The clinical significance of COVID-19 seroconversion in PIBD warrants further investigation.
Abstract:
Understanding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) is important. We describe a single-center cohort of COVID-19 PIBD patients where seroconversion against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was examined.Immunosuppressed PIBD patients at Texas Children's Hospital who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by nasopharyngeal reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were included in the study. The clinical course of IBD, concurrent medications, COVID-19 related symptoms, SARS-CoV-2 testing date, and SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody testing date and result were examined. Of 14 SARS-CoV-2 positive PIBD patients, 12 were tested for qualitative anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (seven with transient COVID-19 symptoms, five asymptomatic). All symptomatic (7/7) and 60% of asymptomatic (3/5) patients seroconverted. No patients required hospitalization attributed to COVID-19.High rates of COVID-19 seroconversion occurred in immunosuppressed and symptomatic PIBD patients. More research to evaluate the significance of COVID-19 seroconversion is needed.
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